Wholesalers and Retailers in US Trade

Wholesalers and Retailers in US Trade

International trade models typically assume that producers in one country trade directly with final consumers in another. In reality, of course, trade can involve long chains of potentially independent actors who move goods through wholesale and retail distribution networks. These networks likely affect the magnitude and nature of trade frictions and hence both the pattern of trade and its welf...

Wholesalers and Retailers in U . S . Trade ( Long

We combine data on individual trade transactions from U.S. customs records with comprehensive information on firms' employment from the Census Bureau's business register to examine wholesalers and retailers in U.S. exports and imports. Exporters and importers with 100 percent employment in wholesale and retail differ from pure "producer and consumer" trading firms along a number of dimensions: ...

Andrew B . Bernard , J . Bradford Jensen , Stephen J . Redding and Peter K . Schott Wholesalers and retailers in US Trade

CEP Discussion Paper No 968 February 2010 Wholesalers and Retailers in U . S . Trade ( Long Version )

International trade models typically assume that producers in one country trade directly with final consumers in another. In reality, of course, trade can involve long chains of potentially independent actors who move goods through wholesale and retail distribution networks. These networks likely affect the magnitude and nature of trade frictions and hence both the pattern of trade and its welf...

the dutch wholesalers and retailers in iran during qajar era

the present article is to analyze the history of the two dutch companies were activate in the field of import and export. one of them is hotz & zoon that we would offer its managers' biographies alongside many of their original initiatives the iranian further developments owe them. then, the history of iran's first real department-store (the teheran toko) as well as three dutch retail...